Reviews Writing For Essay Sharks Example For Students

Reviews Writing For Essay Sharks Its tail swayed slowly from side to side, pushing the hunters bodythrough the murky water. All signs of motion were non-existant, except for therhythmic movement of the water over the five gill slits on either side of itshead. Slowly gaining speed, the shady figures unmoving eyes fixed on itstarget, a lost harbor seal pup. As the distance between the predator and itsprey grew closer, the jaws of the massive fish drew forward, exposing nearlyeight rows of razor sharp teeth. Strings of its previous meal hung in rowsfrom between its teeth. Sensing danger, the harbor seal frantically tried tofind a place to seek refuge, but it was too late. The jaws of the shark closedaround the seal with an astounding 14,000 pounds of pressure, cutting the sealin half. The Great White shark claims another victim.1Any one whos seen the famous movie series Jaws may look at the GreatWhite Shark in a similar manner. Perhaps its the way that Hollywood uses a mixof fact and fiction in the series. This may hav e frightened many people intohating the Great White for its ferocity. It might have also been the size ofthe shark in the movie thats kept thousands of people off the beaches and outof the water. Better yet, it could have been the overall storyline: A GreatWhite shark with an eating disorder and a taste for human flesh. Perhaps thatswhat is keeping vacationers from grabbing their trousers and snorkels. Over all, there have been 1026 attacks on humans by sharks in the lastten years. Only 294 of these attacks have been linked to Great White sharks. Thats roughly the number of people who drown each year in swimming accidents. Of these 294 attacks, less than eighteen percent were fatal. Out of theeighteen fatal incidents more than seventy percent was contributed to loss ofblood. This means that the shark didnt kill the victim. The shark bit thevictim and then released them (also known as the taste test). The shark samplesthe victim by nibbling on an appendage or two often resulting in a severedartery or other major blood vessel. Therefore, the Great White should beconsidered a mantaster not a maneater. This intrigued scientists considering the size of the sharks brain. TheGreat Whites brain is about one half the size of a dogs. Over seventy percentof the brain is used for tracking prey. The other thirty percent is used forbody functions. Studies show that the sharks main purpose is to eat. Peoplethink that the sharks main purpose is to kill. This is incorrect, sharks onlyeat when they are hungry. Impulses from the brain are sent to the jaws and thestomach telling the shark that it is time to hunt for food. Why do sharks not follow a basic attack pattern on a human? In a humanattack, the primary strike is usually the only contact, as though the sharkfinds us(humans) to be unpalatable. There is a theory on this as well,involving the differences in our anatomy and the pinnipeds(seals, sea lions). We are mostly muscle where the pinniped body has a great deal of fat. It istheorized that the shark somehow senses this and abandons us as a potential mealbecause our bodies are not as energy-rich as the pinnipeds. Of course, this isoften enough to kill us or at least, really screw up our day!Cold Hard FactsThe Great White shark has remained unchanged for 250 million years. Its greek name is Carcharodon carcharias. This is derived from carcharos meaning ragged and odon meaning tooth. There isnt a defined size range for theGreat White but most experts agree that the length of the shark is usuallybetween 12 and 16 feet with the maximum figure being about19 to 21 feet. (The 21foot is an actual record from 1948. The largest ever recorded!) If the GreatWhite is that big try to imagine the size of those massive jaws and teeth, Notto mention the enoromous power behind those jaws.. These huge eating machinesused to be even bigger! The Great White was once known as Carcharodon megalodon. .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .postImageUrl , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:hover , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:visited , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:active { border:0!important; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:active , .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880 .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue205c693f4432da129a858855b212880:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: LANDFILLS Solid waste is the term that civil engin EssayThe only difference in between the Great White and this previous model is size. The Carcharodon megalodon was MASSIVE compared to the modern day Great White. Averaging forty to forty-five feet in length, it is theorized that this

Spartacus Essay Example For Students

Spartacus Essay Spartacus (died 71 BC), Roman slave and gladiator,born in Thrace. He is thought to have been a deserterfrom the Roman army, and he was sold as a slave to atrainer of gladiators at Capua. In 73 BC he escapedwith other runaway gladiators and took refuge on MountVesuvius, where he was joined by large numbers ofescaped slaves. As leader of the historic insurrectionof Roman slaves known as the Third Servile War, orGladiators War, he defeated two Roman armies, and hisforces overran southern Italy. In 72 BC he defeatedthree more Roman armies and reached Cisalpine Gaul,where he planned to disperse his followers to theirhomes. They decided to remain in Italy for the sake ofplunder, and Spartacus marched south again. In 71 BCthe Roman commander Marcus Licinius Crassus forcedSpartacus and his followers into the narrow peninsulaof Rhegium (now Reggio di Calabria), from which,however, they escaped through the Roman lines. Crassusthen pursued Spartacus to Lucania, where the rebelarmy was destroyed and Spartacus was killed in battle. We will write a custom essay on Spartacus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Upon his death the insurrection came to an end, andthe captured rebels were crucified. A few who escapedto the north were killed by Pompey the Great, who wasBibliography:

Benefits of Using an Ama Essay Sample

Benefits of Using an Ama Essay SampleA sample Ama essay is a tool that is used to learn writing style. It is intended to be used as a practice for students who do not have enough time to write their own Ama essay but still want to know how to produce high quality work that will get them noticed. These tools are often put together by professional writing teachers and professionals who understand the right ways to take note of what students are trying to convey with their essays.Using these Ama writing samples will allow students to read a variety of different styles. There are usually hundreds of styles used by different writers. This makes it hard for a student to choose which one they would like to use. The best way to be able to create their own style is by having their own set of written samples to look at to determine what they feel is important in an essay.It is also common for the same writer to work on two different kinds of Ama essay samples at the same time. The reason for t his is to allow students to see the various different styles and then to compare them. For example, if a student sees that a certain style is more comfortable than another style, they may pick that style. By doing this they can get a feel for the different way a writer will make a certain type of sentence. A different writer may not allow them to do this, but this is why it is so important to use different samples.One of the main reasons that many teachers like to use these Ama writing samples is because of how it allows students to put themselves in the shoes of the writer. This lets them think about how a writer will write a certain type of sentence and why it might feel better than another. By having a feel for the feelings a writer will take into a certain type of writing, students will find themselves with more confidence in their own writing abilities. This confidence will help them with their writing skills in future essays.Some students may take the sample Ama essay paper an d then start writing an essay with a different format that is better suited for them. The same student may also use a different type of writing style because it works for them. This is the benefit of using this type of writing sample: it allows you to be comfortable in your own writing style without having to write a completely new essay from scratch.It can also help your students write the better essay. If you are having trouble finding your style when writing an essay, you may want to look at using these samples. This is because having the feeling of being in a writer's shoes can help a student become more comfortable in their own writing abilities.In addition to providing students with different samples to use in their essays, there are also a variety of benefits to using these Ama writing samples. For example, if a student has already written an essay that is quite good but they are having trouble finding the right way to express themselves, they may want to look at the differen t written samples available for them to use. This will allow them to identify the differences between their style and another writer's style so that they can create a different style for their own essay.The benefit of using these Ama writing samples is that it allows students to have more confidence in their own writing abilities. It can help them create their own style for the essay without having to worry about writing the entire essay all over again. This is also the most beneficial because it can help them write the best essay.

Drug Abuse In America Essays

Drug Abuse In America Essays Drug Abuse In America Paper Drug Abuse In America Paper The invention of drugs has been one of the best breakthroughs man has ever introduced. It has provided hope and longer life to many individuals who are experiencing certain illnesses or diseases. Without the invention of drugs, many would still be dying from simple diseases. In the past years, developments and innovations have been introduced to drugs thus, now, there are more drugs that are readily available in the market and almost every disease has a corresponding drug to cure it. Gone were the days when only prayers and fervent of hopes of healing serve as the only sources of cure. Man has become more advanced in science and technology and relatively healthier. However, attached with all the advancements in the production of drugs are problems on improper and illegal use. Despite the inclusion of instruction labels and specifications from physicians, there are still many who commit mistakes in properly using drugs and in taking the right dosage. An improper use of drugs may lead to various complications and irritations or even new diseases, thus care must be exercised when using prescribed drugs. Aside from the improper use, there are also those who tend to abuse the use of certain drugs. They get so attached with the substance and gradually become addicted with it. There are also some substances that are specifically created for minimal consumption and taking more than the required dosage may lead to addiction. These drugs are controlled by the state and are not readily given to the patient without the proper prescription; they cannot be purchased over the counter. Despite the regulation on these drugs, there are still those who abuse it and become addicted. Drug Dependence Drug dependence is the compulsion to use a drug to experience psychological or physical effects. It may come in various forms such as habituation, addiction and tolerance (Microsoft Encarta online Encyclopedia, 2008). There is tolerance when the body has become so familiar with the use of the drug that in order to achieve the pharmacological effect desired, there is a need to increase the dosage. This situation is also worsened when the drug is prescribed to be used for along period of time such as weeks or months. When the body has been accustomed with the drug, withdrawing from use might prove to be a challenge. The patient might experience drug withdrawal effects such as nausea, difficulty in sleeping, restlessness, headaches and sweating. Habitual drug dependence on the other hand is characterized by a continued longing or desire for the drug even if the body no longer needs it. The patient believes that the drug produces a certain kind of happy feeling or elation on his part and non-use of such drug may affect the functioning of his body. Addiction on the other hand is a craving for the drug. The patient fervently believes that the drug is a necessity and his body cannot function normally without it. Commonly abused drugs are categorized in to six groups: hallucinogens, inhalants, cannabis, sedatives of this kind are cocaine and amphetamine drugs. Cocaine is medically used to produce anaesthesia that would be employed in the surgery of the throat and the nose. Amphetamines on the other hand are utilized to treat hay fever and colds. They affect the nervous system, elevate mood, heighten alertness and decrease fatigue. They are also used for the treatment of the sleep order narcolepsy. Hallucinogens are used for dying patients, drug abusers, mentally ill and alcoholics. They are only used occasionally. Tolerance of the drug develops rapidly but not withdrawal syndromes are felt if the use of the drug is discontinued. Among the hallucinogens which were abused widely in the 196s were lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline. Inhalants on the other hand are not actually drugs but substances which are sniffed. The common examples of inhalant are aerosols, glue or gasoline. These substances if smelled, produce slight brain stimulation or unconsciousness, depending on the dosage of the inhalant. Among the common effects of this kind of drug are impaired vision and judgment, and reflex and muscle control. If this kind of drug is used over along a period of time, it may yield to more adverse results such as death and permanent brain damage. Cannabis on the other hand is a kind of drug that comes from plant sources such as marijuana and hashish. Both of these drugs are usually smoked for relaxation, to accelerate the heart beat, heighten the functioning of the senses of hearing, smell, taste and touch. These drugs also have the effect of slowing down time. The effects of this kind of drug vary from the dosage taken and the prevalent circumstances when the substance was consumed. The drug harms the lungs in the same way that tobacco does. It also affects the physical and psychological maturation of the individual infusing it to his system. Sedatives of this kind are valiums, barbiturates and librium. This kind of drug produces dependence from the drug just like dependence from alcohol. Abrupt withdrawal from this kind of drug may cause adverse effects such as convulsions, insomnia, shaking or death (Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2008). Signs and Symptoms of Drug Addiction Drug addiction can be seen through several signs and symptoms. Among the indications of addiction to drugs are: increase r decrease in appetite, smell of substance in the hair, clothing or breath of the abuser, extreme activeness or hyperactivity, needle marks, changes in habits, difficulty in paying attention, moodiness, paranoia and unexplained need for money. Other signs include violent temper, suspicious behaviour, change in grooming habits, possession of drug paraphernalia and change in the overall attitude of the individual (Narconon, n. d. ). Reasons of Drug Addiction There are several reasons why people use illegal drugs and abuse legal drugs. The perceived effects generated from these drugs encourage people to try them and experience the desired effect. According to Teens Health (2007), people experiment with drugs which are prescribed because they believe that such drugs can aid them in losing weight, having fun, fitting in and studying effectively. Compared to street drugs, prescription drugs are more often purchased because of the accessibility of buying. Anyone can purchase prescription drug, one only needs to present the prescription mandating the use such drug. Aside from this, many also have the wring notion that prescription drugs are safer because many adults use them. However, prescription drugs are not for everyone’s consumption. These drugs are only safe for those people to whom the drugs are specifically prescribed for because doctors are monitoring the effects of the drugs on the patient. Effects of Drug Addiction There are also health consequences of drug addiction to the drug abuser. Among the consequences are experiencing drug related medical emergencies and mental birth defects or death to the children of women who are abusing drugs while they are pregnant. Chronic drug use can also lead to diseases like hepatitis and tuberculosis. Drug users are also more prone to sexually-transmitted diseases because of the high risk sexual behaviour that they exhibit (NCJRS, n. d. ). Abuse of medications does not only affect the individual physically and psychologically but also the society. Most drug users are violent and have a great tendency to commit crimes even if they do not want to. Drug users also experience trouble in school, with friends, at home and with the law. The possibility of committing criminal acts, being a victim thereof or encountering accidents is higher when a person is an illegal drug user or a drug abuser. Based on the data of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS), there is an estimated 1. 14 million arrests for the violation of drug laws and the largest percentage of the said arrests pertain to drug possession. Drug tests for arrestees also revealed that most of them are positive for drug use. In a survey conducted among federal detainees, it was discovered that most drug offenders, robbers and burglars in state prisons reported that they are under the influence of drugs when they committed the crime. Statistics of Drug Addiction in the United States In the in the United States, there is substantial variation in the age of the drug users, however, statistics indicate that the there is an increasing number of young people who are getting more hooked with the habit. In 2001, survey shows that 3. 8 percent of youths who are 12 or 13 years old were reported to be using illegal drugs. The age group of youths which registered the most users fall between the ages of 18 to 20 years old (Policy Almanac, 2002).. The most common gender of drug users is male. Among the reported cases, 8. 7 percent are male which 5. 5 percent are female. In terms of race or ethnicity, 7. 2 percent are whites and the same goes true for blacks. The Hispanics constitute 6. 4 percent of the reported cases. Asians and Pacific Islanders have the lowest percentage of drug use in the United States. In terms of education, those who have attained higher education such as those who have completed their tertiary level of education have a lower incidence of drug use as compared to those who are out of school or have attained a lower level education. However, drug use is nearly the same in full-time college students and part-time students. There is also a greater percentage of drug use among the unemployed as compared to those who are employed (Policy Almanac, 2002). Drug addiction is a menace to families and the society. There are so many people who are affected and so many consequences that it yields to. However, the face of all these negative findings about drug addiction, the sale of illegal drugs is still prevalent in the society. There are still more people who are curious to try it or who cannot kill the habit. In the United States, illegal drugs remain available in the market. As compared to the sale of drugs of illegal drugs in the previous decades, there is a higher number of people who are selling illegal drugs. They are more available now than they were in the past years (NCJRS, n. d. ). Drug addicts find too much difficulty removing in their system the abuse of drug substances because of the satisfaction that they are getting from it. They do not realize the repercussions of their actions or even of they do, they do not have the courage or the will power to fight them. In combating the illegal drugs, there have been various laws passed by Congress to stop it. However, these laws seem to be insufficient as it does not actually treat the problem on drug addicts. The proper treatment must be employed so that addicts will be able to reform and be better individuals. If drug addicts are not reformed, they will continually cause menace to the society. Principles of Treatment of Drug Dependents There are various principles of effective treatments for drug addicts. The first principle is no single treatment is appropriate for all individuals. The treatment settings should match the interventions and services designated for the specific problems of the patient. Second, treatment should be available. The individual should be ready for treatment when the treatment is employed. It is important that the patient is ready to be treated so that it can take effect in the proper perspective. Second, treatment should be readily available. The patient’s determination of his readiness to go through trial has no specific period. If there is a period wherein treatment is specifically available, then the patient may not be able to avail healing by the time that he is ready. Third, treatment should be holistic and simply limited to the drug use problem of the individual. The problem of the patient should be seen in relation to his medical records, psychological, social, emotional, and physical needs. It should also address the vocational and legal problems of the patient. In addition, the treatment plan accorded to the patient should be in consonance with his continuously changing needs. The patient should be regularly assessed to determine the factors that should be given attention to. Fourth, adequate duration of time should be allotted for the treatment of the patient. The length of time that the patient has been going through the recovery may affect the results of the healing. Fifth, the plan should include behavioural therapies and counselling to engage the patient in the treatment process. Motivation, building skills in resisting drug use, and replacing the drug abuse and illegal drug use with rewarding non-drug activities. Building the right approach and creating the proper motivation and behavioural skills may prove to be helpful for the patient in combating the temptation of drug use. There should be a strong motivation to continue with the process in order to become effective. Sixth, the patient should be medically detoxified. The treatment should aid the patient in removing in his system the drugs which he abused and help him recover from the symptoms of withdrawal that he is experiencing. However, this process alone is not sufficient for the treatment of the patient (NIDA, 2008). Approaches to Treatment There are various approaches to treatment that are being employed by drug rehabilitation organizations. Among the treatments are the antagonist maintenance treatment, narcotic antagonist treatment, out patient drug-free treatment and long term residential treatment (NIDA, 2008). These approaches are employed depending on the needs of the patient and the result of his medical assessment. Rehabilitation from drug use is dependent on the proper treatment that should be employed. Treatment against illegal drug use and drug abuse should not be merely limited to the medical aspect. The approach should be holistic and should address all issues so that the patient can have a support system that will aid him through the process of change. If only one aspect is addressed, there is a possibility that the patient will not gain full healing and go back to the habit of drug use. Rehabilitation from drug use means erasing the bad habits and creating a new person who can face the challenges of life without depending on drugs. Drug laws and rehabilitation of drug users should have a good understanding of the natured of drug abuse and the elements thereof so that the proper treatment and care will be imposed. There should be an effective intervention developed and a comprehensive research and study on the topic (National Academy Press, 2001). Dealing with drug users is no ordinary task. It involves lives and the reform thereof. References â€Å"America’s Drug Abuse Profile†. (n. d. ). National Criminal Justice and Reference Service. Retrieved 6 September 2008, from ncjrs. gov/htm/chapter2. htm Drug Abuse in America: 2001†. (2002). Policy Almanac. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from policyalmanac. org/crime/archive/drug_abuse. shtml â€Å"Drug Addiction Signs†. (n. d. ). NARCONON. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from, addictionca. com/drug-addiction-signs. htm â€Å"Drug Dependence†. (2008). Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from, http://encarta. msn. com/encyclopedia_761560733/Drug_Dependence. html â€Å"Informing America’s Policy on Illegal Drugs†. (2001). National Academy Press. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from nap. edu/openbook. php? record_id=10021page=R1 â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse†. (2007). Teen’s Health. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from http://kidshealth. org/teen/drug_alcohol/drugs/prescription_drug_abuse. html â€Å"Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research Based Guide†. (2008). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved 6 September 2008 from, nida. nih. gov/PODAT/PODAT1. html

Fascinating Facts About Centipedes

Fascinating Facts About Centipedes Centipedes (one hundred legs in Latin) are Arthropods, members of an invertebrate class that includes insects, spiders, and crustaceans. All centipedes belong to the class Chilopoda, which includes about 3,300 different species. They are found on every continent except Antarctica, and they have the greatest diversity in shape and configuration in warm and tropical environments. Most centipedes are adapted to burrowing and live in soil or leaf litter, under the bark of trees or beneath stones. Centipede bodies include six head segments (three of which are mouthparts), a pair of poisonous maxillipeds (foot jaws), a variously numbered series of trunk leg-bearing segments, and two genital segments. Their heads have two antennae and a varying number of paired compound eyes (called ocelli). Some cave-dwelling species are blind. Each legged segment is made up of an upper and lower shield covered by a cuticle and separated from the next segment by a flexible membrane. Centipedes periodically shed their cuticle, which allows them to grow. Their body length ranges from 4 to 300 millimeters (.16–12 inches), with most species measuring between 10 and 100 mm (.4–4 in). Centipedes Never Have 100 Legs Though their common name means one hundred legs, centipedes can have significantly more or less than 100 legs- but never 100. Depending on the species, a centipede can have as few as 15 pairs of legs or as many as 191 pairs. Regardless of the species, centipedes always have an odd number of leg pairs, so they never have exactly 100 legs (because 50 is an even number). The easiest way to differentiate centipedes and millipedes  is as follows: Millipedes have two pairs of legs on most body segments, but centipedes always have a single pair of legs per segment. Not sure what youve found? Just count how many pairs of legs are on a segment. The Number of Legs Changes Throughout Their Lives Should a centipede find itself in the grip of a bird or other predator, it can often escape by sacrificing a few legs. The bird is left with a beak full of legs, and the clever centipede makes a fast escape on those that remain. Since centipedes continue to molt as adults, they can usually repair the damage by simply regenerating legs. If you find a centipede with a few legs that are shorter than the others, it is likely in the process of recovering from a predator attack. Though many centipedes hatch from their eggs with a full complement of leg pairs, certain kinds of Chilopods start life with fewer legs than their parents. Stone centipedes (order Lithobiomorpha) and house centipedes (order Scutigeromorpha) start out with as few as 14 legs but add pairs with each successive molt until they reach adulthood. The common house centipede can live as long as five to six years, so thats a lot of legs. Centipedes Are Carnivorous Hunters Though some occasionally scavenge a meal, centipedes are primarily hunters. Smaller centipedes catch other invertebrates, including insects, mollusks, annelids, and even other centipedes. The larger tropical species can consume frogs and small birds. The centipede usually wraps itself around the prey and waits for the venom to take effect before consuming its meal. A centipedes first set of legs are venomous fangs, which they use to inject paralyzing venom from a gland into prey. These special appendages are known as forcipules and are unique to centipedes. Large poison claws partially cover the mouthparts and form part of the feeding apparatus. The last pair of legs are not used for locomotion either but vary in use by species, some for defensive or sensory functions, or prey apprehension, and some for courtship. People Keep Centipedes as Pets Although there are centipede breeders, most centipedes sold in the pet trade are wild-caught. The most commonly sold for pets and zoological displays are giant centipedes from the Scolopendra genus. Pet centipedes are kept in terrariums, with a large surface area, minimum 60 centimeters (24 inches) square for larger species. They require a built substrate of soil and coconut fiber for burrowing, and they can be fed pre-killed crickets, cockroaches, and mealworms weekly or biweekly. They always need a shallow dish of water. Centipedes are aggressive, venomous, and potentially dangerous for humans, especially children. Centipede bites can cause skin damage, bruising, blisters, inflammation, and gangrene. The enclosures should be escape proof, and although centipedes cant climb smooth glass or acrylic, dont provide them a way to climb to reach the lid. They required a minimum humidity of 70 percent; rainforest species need more. Appropriate ventilation can be provided with a grid cover and small holes on the side of the terrarium, but be sure the holes are too small for the centipede to crawl through. Temperate species like it between 20 and 25 C (68–72 F), tropical between 25 and 28 C (77–82.4 F). Dont worry if you dont see your pet centipede out during the day: Centipedes are night creatures and do their hunting after dark. Living With a Centipede Compared to most arthropods, centipedes are relatively long-lived. It is not unusual for a centipede to live for two to three years, and some survive longer than five years. Centipedes continue to molt and grow as adults, unlike insects, which complete their growth when they reach adulthood. You probably wouldnt expect a centipede to be a good mother, but a surprising number of them dote on their offspring. Female soil centipedes (Geophilomorpha) and tropical centipedes (Scolopendromorpha) lay an egg mass in an underground burrow. The mother wraps her body around the eggs, and remains with them until they hatch, protecting them from harm. With the exception of the slow-moving soil centipedes, which are built to burrow, Chilopods can run fast. A centipedes body is suspended in a cradle of long legs. When those legs start moving, this gives the centipede more maneuverability over and around obstacles, as it flees predators or chases prey. The tergites- the dorsal surface of the body segments- may also be modified to keep the body from swaying while in motion. Centipedes Prefer Dark and Moist Environments Arthropods often have a waxy coating on the cuticle to help prevent water loss, but centipedes lack this waterproofing. Most centipedes live in dark, moist environments, like under leaf litter or in damp, rotting wood. Those that inhabit deserts or other arid environments often modify their behavior to minimize the risk of dehydration. They may delay activity until seasonal rains arrive, or when the humidity rises, for example, and diapause during the hottest, driest spells. Sources Capinera, John L. Encyclopedia of Entomology. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer Science Business Media, 2008. Print.Chiariello, Thiago M. Centipede Care and Husbandry. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 24.3 (2015): 326-32. Print.Edgecombe, Gregory D., and Gonzalo Giribet. Evolutionary Biology of Centipedes (Myriapoda: Chilopoda). Annual Review of Entomology 52.1 (2007): 151-70. Print.Triplehorn, Charles A., and Norman F. Johnson. Borror and Delongs Introduction to the Study of Insects. 7th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2004. Print.Undheim, Eivind A. B., and Glenn F. King. On the Venom System of Centipedes (Chilopoda), a Neglected Group of Venomous Animals. Toxicon 57.4 (2011): 512-24. Print.

Social Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Problems - Essay Example In this way, the competing views of societal understanding as compared to medical science can be understood as a function of how they share vastly different views on the same topic. Of course, prior to beginning an analysis of how the medical community, evidenced by this particular article, views drug addiction, it is necessary to point out that neither science nor society behave as a singular entity. What is meant by this is that although prevailing views exist within each group, neither one can be categorically defined as all believing a certain way with reference to a certain issue. In this way, the views and opinions that will be discussed within this brief analysis will be from the point of view that the author has interpreted the majority of society and the medical/scientific community to espouse these views. Obviously, this means that there are elements of both groups that do not subscribe to these prevailing theories or their derivatives. Firstly, it should be understood that the prevailing view in society is that drug use and abuse is something that afflicts â€Å"weak† individuals; or those that simply cannot â€Å"say no to drugs†. In this way, a theory develops in which society views the entire drug use/abuse dynamic in a way that simply dismisses the issue as something that can be defined by an overall lack of willpower. This lack of willpower is further illustrated, so they believe, by the fact that not only could the drug user have the moral fiber to resist the drug in the first place, they additionally cannot find within themselves the courage and perseverance to put the drug away once they are hooked on it. This failure to understand the chemical dependencies that help to define drug abuse for the tens of thousands of individuals who suffer from this on a daily basis is quite an oversight. Although

EPILEPSY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

EPILEPSY - Essay Example The epilepsy happens when the electrical impulses bursting in brain escapes their normal limits. The electricity impulses can be transferred muscles resulting in convulsions and twitches. However the cause of epilepsy in many people is unknown. There are many types of seizures like idiopathic, generalized and partial epilepsy. As per, Better Health ( 2013) â€Å"Epilepsy is a condition that affects the brain and causes repeated seizures, also known as â€Å"fits†. Epilepsy is a common occurrence in UK and children with this disease encounter learning problems usually with writing, reading and comprehension. They may also need extra help with everyday skill. Many children and adults do not achieve much with epilepsy and the life is difficult when it comes to studies or work. This assignment looks at the role of adult, mental and child nursing in supporting the epilepsy patient and the cultural and psychological effect of the disease on the individual and family. This topic was chosen because epilepsy has an adverse effect on the patient and family members. There is lot of stigma around this disease and also patients experience disability. The seizures give rise to neurological disturbance and burden on family members. They also face problem in life as unemployment, educational disability and poor health. In UK, epilepsy is a common condition among children and adult. In a year, more than thousands of people die because of epilepsy. As per, Epilepsy Action ( 2012) â€Å"In 2009, 1,150 people died in the UK because of epilepsy, and most of these deaths were associated with seizures. The principal cause of seizure-related death is sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, accounting for an estimated 500 deaths each year†. The epilepsy has different effect on people and culture has certain significance to the disease onset. In UK, people lead a stressful life and it can contribute to the onset of disease. Also certain people are highly influenced to drugs and