Lokpal Bill Essay

The present paper is aimed to undermine and explore the viability of Lokpal Bill which is to act as armour against the most detested and evil practice, namely corruption. This reverent bill coined in 1963 by L. M. Singhvi for grievance redressal mechanism was first introduced in 1968 and passed the fourth Lok Sabha in 1969 but before it could be passed by Rajya Sabha, the Lok Sabha was dissolved and the bill lapsed. The bill is inspired by the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC). The present Lokpal bill at hand will be meticulously examined and discussed and its approach towards decreasing corruption will be compared to the countries which have similar anti-corruption legislation. A comparative study between the Janlokpal Bill, amended by the civil society, and the Lokpal Bill (Government’s Bill), will also be drawn out. Implications of the implementation of the appropriate Lokpal Bill is illustrated and its scope and significant role in the society in preserving the constitutional spirit of the democratic nation, India is highlighted. The gruesome problem, which is of implementation of the law in the present situation will be highlighted. Paper will be enhanced using judicial views of bringing Lokpal Bill in India and its Pros and Cons will be discussed in the light of several pertinent issues. Paper will also target to answer some thought provoking question in this area which shall lead to better understanding. 1. Origination of the concept of a Lokpal Bill: The basic idea of the institution of Lok Pal was borrowed from the concept of Ombudsman in countries such as Finland, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, U.K. and New Zealand. In 1995, the European Union created the post of European Ombudsman. Presently, about 140 countries have the office of the Ombudsman. The Ombudsman is an institution, independent of the judiciary, executive and legislature and analogous with that of a high judicial functionary. He is mostly free to choose his investigation method and agency. The expenditure of the office is under Parliamentary control. In Sweden, Denmark and Finland, the office of the Ombudsman can redress citizens’ grievances by either directly receiving complaints from the public or suo moto. However, in the UK, the office of the Parliamentary Commissioner can receive complaints only through Members of Parliament (to whom the citizen can complain). Sweden and Finland also have the power to prosecute erring public servants. 2. History of The Lokpal Bill: In 1966, the First Administrative Reforms Commission recommended that two independent authorities at the central and state level be established to enquire into complaints against public functionaries (including Members of Parliament). The Lok Pal Bill was introduced for the first time in 1968 but it lapsed with the dissolution of the Lok Sabha. It was introduced seven more times in Parliament, the last time in 2001. However, the Bill lapsed each time except in 1985 when it was withdrawn. At the state level, so far 18 states have created the institution of the Lokayukta through the Lokayukta Acts. In 2002, the report of the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution urged that the Constitution should provide for the appointment of the Lok Pal and Lokayuktas in the states but suggested that the Prime Minister should be kept out of the purview of the authority. In 2004, the UPA government’s National Common Minimum Programme promised that the Lok Pal Bill would be enacted. The Second Administrative Commission, formed in 2005, also recommended that the office of the Lok Pal be established without delay. In January 2011, the government formed a Group of Ministers, chaired by Shri Pranab Mukherjee to suggest measures to tackle corruption, including examination of the proposal of a Lok Pal Bill. 3. Lokpal Bill: Introduction- The main objective of the concept of the Lokpal is to bring out speedier anti-corruption measures in the greater interest of the public and bring justice to them. The Lokpal is proposed to be a three-member body and the chairperson should be a current or past Chief Justice or a judge of the Supreme Court. The other two members should be current or past Chiefs Justice or judges of high courts across the country. The appointments of the Lokpal members should be made as per the recommendation of a specially constituted committee for the purpose. The Lokpal should not hold any office of profit under the Union and State governments. The Lokpal should have a fixed tenure of three years and the salaries of the members should be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. Any person, other than public servants can make complaints against corruption to the Lokpal and the Lokpal should complete the inquiry within 6 months. It may be noted that the operational jurisdiction of the Lokpal is restricted only to cases of corruption and not applicable to other grievance areas like maladministration. Implementation- The citizens of developing nations like India are very much familiar with the word â€Å"corruption.† The hapless citizens are quite often victims of corrupt political leaders and the top brass of the administrative officers. The countrymen are often denied the fruits of growth because illegally accumulated money is blatantly siphoned off to foreign banks that indirectly back tax evasion. Politically conscious citizens and those vocal against corruption are happy about the potentialities of the Lokpal bill. The bill is influenced by the concept of Ombudsman prevalent in Scandinavian countries, especially in Sweden. The Ombudsman concept has been highly successful in dealing with corruption in European countries and India now deserves a try. Why is the Lokpal Bill still pending? It can make even a child understand why the politicians are intentionally delaying the bill. After all, the bill is ultimately targeted to them only. Though there are normal grievance redress mechanisms available the public in the present judiciary system, they are not speedy enough and often are victims of red-tapism political influences. The Lokpal bill, if implemented, will act as a real guardian of civil rights and will bring errant politicians to justice – speedily and economically. Feasibility of Lokpal Bill- There have been fears that the Lokpal bill will call in question the very democratic infrastructure of the country and people will lose faith in it. The Lokpal will be nothing else but an extra-constitutional body. The Lokpal Bill will bring all existing anti-corruption bodies like the departmental vigilance, Central Vigilance Commission and anti-corruption branch of the CBI into the Lokpal. This would result into immense concentration of power in just one institution – the Lokpal. The body will become highly powerful and there is no guarantee that corruption will not creep in the country’s highest anti-corruption wing – the Lokpal itself. In short, the Lokpal may threaten the democratic and judicial functions of the country in many ways. This ultimately may not be beneficial for democracy. The Lokpal will have total authority to initiate inquiry suo motu in any case. This will give it the power to register FIRs, prosecute any officer and proceed with criminal investigation against any politician or judge. All this power can dangerously weaken authority of other institutions like police and CBI. There are high chances that the Lokpal will emerge as a completely unchecked extra-constitutional body without stability. There may be contradictory opinions on Lokpal, but we will definitely want to put a full stop to corruption and stashing of black money into safe tax havens. Some form of power should be vested on the common citizens so that they can unmask corrupt politicians and officers to prevent further erosion of moral and social values in the country. This is an effort from SSER, with the assistance of Meharia & Company, a reputedly largest law firm in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, we have taken the onus of dealing into any matter that affects the common people. We believe our free legal advice would be helpful to them. Loopholes of the Lokpal Bill- According to the current version of Lokpal Bill, Lokpal will not have any power to either initiate action suo motu in any case or even receive complaints of corruption from public. This is making the Lokpal bill useless. But according to the Jan Lokpal Bill, full powers to initiate investigations suo motu in any case and also to directly entertain complaints from the public. This is something very important and needs to be addressed by the Government and we see most of the political parties finding this as a threat to them. The Government proposed Lokpal bill does wants the Lokpal to be advisory body and just forward the complaints to the recepective department and does not have any right to register and FIR or police powers. This bill not give power to the Lokpal to do any investigation against the Prime Minister, which deals with foreign affairs, security and defence and also no jurisdiction over bureaucrats and government officers. These are the major lacking of the current version with the Government, but we need a Jan Lokpal bill which is addressing the above mentioned issues. Do support for this bill and try your best to force the Government to do it for us. We are the people who have put them on to rule the country and they will have to do it for us. Criticism- The Lokpal bill is intended to provide the common man with direct powers to censure his/her elected representative. However, every complainant has to pay fees and take full responsibility for leveling charges. In case the complaint is found to be baseless, punitive action extending to two years in jail and monetary fine of up to Rs.50,000 may be imposed on the complainant. Charges of corruption in the Indian legal system are not necessarily covered only under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 but also under many other Acts, but the Lokpal restricts its ambit to the cases under this Act. Regarding the constitution of the Lokpal, the Chairman of the Lokpal shall be from among past or present chief justices of Supreme Court. But the other two members of the Lokpal may also be from those qualified to be judges of the Supreme Court. The loose end left here makes countless many from India’s entire judiciary eligible for the post including those who are also senior party politic ians with legal background. 4. Jan Lokpal Bill: The Jan Lokpal Bill (Citizen’s ombudsman Bill) is a draft anti-corruption bill drawn up by prominent civil society activists seeking the appointment of a Jan Lokpal, an independent body that would investigate corruption cases, complete the investigation within a year and envisages trial in the case getting over in the next one year. Drafted by Justice Santosh Hegde (former Supreme Court Judge and former Lokayukta of Karnataka), Prashant Bhushan (Supreme Court Lawyer) and Arvind Kejriwal (RTI activist), the draft Bill envisages a system where a corrupt person found guilty would go to jail within two years of the complaint being made and his ill-gotten wealth being confiscated. It also seeks power to the Jan Lokpal to prosecute politicians and bureaucrats without government permission. Retired IPS officer Kiran Bedi and other known people like Swami Agnivesh, Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, Anna Hazare and Mallika Sarabhai are also part of the movement, called India Against Corruption. Its website describes the movement as â€Å"an expression of collective anger of people of India against corruption. We have all come together to force/request/persuade/pressurize the Government to enact the Jan Lokpal Bill. We feel that if this Bill were enacted it would create an effective deterrence against corruption.† Anna Hazare, anti-corruption crusader, went on a fast-unto-death in April, demanding that this Bill, drafted by the civil society, be adopted. Four days into his fast, the government agreed to set up a joint committee with an equal number of members from the government and civil society side to draft the Lokpal Bill together. The two sides met several times but could not agree on fundamental elements like including the PM under the purview of the Lokpal. Eventually, both sides drafted their own version of the Bill.

A Comparative Analysis of Semco Engineering and Grimsville Borough Counsil (GBC) company

The structure, culture, and teamwork of an organisation have significant effects in its performance and operations. The structure and design are chosen depending on a company’s objectives and functions. Culture and teamwork, on the other hand, are achieved based on the organisation’s design and structure.That is, coordination and cooperation among the stakeholders are dependent on the organisation’s structure. Therefore, organisational structure is a very critical issue in every organisation. This paper investigates on organisational structure and its importance by examining and analysing cases studies of two different organisations.Comparison of Organizational Structure and DesignSemco and Grimsville Borough Council (GBC) are very different in terms of their organisational structure and design. Defining organisational structure, â€Å"it involves issues as how the work of the organisation will be divided and assigned among positions, groups, departments or divi sions and how the coordination necessary to accomplish total organisational objectives will be achieved† (Dalton et al, 1970).In other words, an organisation should be designed based on a structure which can help an organisation achieve its objectives. Semco, has a very flat structure with only four organisational level, utilising a decentralised approach. Basically, a company is said to implement a decentralised structure when decision making is disaggregated into a number of divisions, each making its own decision (Siggelkow & Levithal, 2003).Semco has managed to have a democratic and non-bureaucratic type of organisation by reducing the level of management and allowing the employees to participate in decision making.   The primary purpose of flat organisations is to rapidly respond to customers’ needs or changes in the business environment (Allen, 1998). Semco utilised this type of organisational structure because as an engineering company, it is always subject to technological changes and other changes in its environment.Contrary to the flat structure of Semco, bureaucratic organisation like GBC is tall in structure, consisting of hierarchies with many levels of management (Allen, 1998). GBC has many levels of management and supervision; each department’s management reports to the councillors and to the chief executive while they handle member staff and employees which are at the bottom of the hierarchy.The organisational structure of GBC is considered to be centralized and bureaucratic. This type of structure is obviously the opposite of the decentralised; its decision-making is made only at the upper level of management.Additionally, bureaucracy is a form of organisation which is characterised by a rational, goal-oriented hierarchy, impersonal decision making, formal controls, and subdivision into managerial positions and specialisation of labour (Allen, 1998). Bureaucracy is common to government agencies in which there should be sp ecialisation in different types of public services such as education, social services and others, and formal controls must be practiced in order to ensure satisfactory public service.Comparison of Approaches to Teamwork and TeamworkingAccording to Allen (1998), flat organisations have strong emphasis on teams while Cohen & Bailey (1997) added that team-based organisations, with flat structures can respond quickly and effectively in the fast changing environments. Semco possesses such characteristics as it has become a profitable company with enhanced organisational performance.A team-based organisation also enables the organisation to learn more effectively and because of the combination of team members’ diverse perspectives, decision making is comprehensive (Anonymous, 2006). Diversity of ideas in a team leads to high quality decision making and innovation (West, 2002).Because Semco allows work teams to make decisions, employees and team members are empowered. Employees also undergo training programmes that help them develop and learn new skills within the team, making them an effective and productive part of the team. In other words, Semco gives high acknowledgement on teamwork that almost every decision such as pay rates and working times and pattern are decided by teams.On the other hand, teamwork is not highly regarded at GBC. Senior management are aloof and hard to be approached by their subordinates. Decision making are also performed only by council leader and the chief executive, thus processing of plans and completion of projects are slow. Moreover, GBC is departmentalised but each department is not working together but instead they compete among each other and undermine other department’s activities, resulting to diminished level of services and poor overall performance.The problems of GBC mentioned in the case such as unhappy employees, slow decision making and competition instead of coordination exist because GBC has no teamwork. Tea m-based working can lead to improvements in organisational performance in terms of efficiency and quality (Applebaum & Batt, 1994 on Anonymous) while employees working on teams were found out to have higher levels of involvement and commitment to the organisation (Anonymous, 2006).Comparison of CulturesGenerally, Semco is considered to have a better organisational culture compared to GBC as reflected by each organisation’s performance. Defining organisational culture, it is an organisation’s set of shared behaviours, artefacts, values, beliefs and assumptions that it develops as it learns to cope with the external and internal aspects of survival and success (Oden, 1997).Culture was said to be developed as an organisation interact with its environment thus organisational culture is unwritten. Because Semco and GBC has different organisational structure, its culture also differs; Semco’s culture can be classified as task culture or the type of culture in which or ganisations has strong and cleared implemented objectives and mission and in which teamwork is emphasized because it is the basis on which jobs are designed (Anonymous, 2006).On the other hand, GBC’s culture can be classified as role cultures which is highly formalised, bounded with authority and in which hierarchy dominates relations (Anoymous, 2006).Semco believes in employee empowerment and it is one of their motivations to make employees satisfied and happy with the company. Transparency is also part of Semco’s culture since the company practiced profit-sharing scheme. Employees can have access on financial and strategic data to be able for them to participate actively in decision making. Trust and discipline are the core values of the company, ensuring that each employee is well committed to the organisation.On the contrary, GBC’s value is centred on power; that is, the authority has the right to decide and the employee must only follow resulting to unhappy and unmotivated employees. Employee empowerment is not practice and management does not even acknowledge lower level employees’ concern. Corruption is also suspected to be practiced at GBC along with overused of power because transparency is not being practiced by GBC.

Competitive positioning strategy and generic recommendations for Essay - 1

Competitive positioning strategy and generic recommendations for management 1042 - Essay Example This is because the Bowman’s strategy close helps companies to identify their unique competitive positioning based on their products or service and the pricing model they want to use with these. In a more practice term, companies are found to gain the best form of advantage with their competitive positioning when they are able to have a tangible competitive positioning action plan. This action plan may be composed of several practical tasks to be performed, including market profiling, customer segments, competitive analysis, among others. The world can now be referred to as a global village for several reasons. One of the most reasons is the fact that businesses can now move very easily from one point to another in attempt to expanding their market presence. But as companies move from one point to the other to do business, it is always important that they will appreciate the fact that there is competition within the places they go, a reason of which they must strategically place themselves in a way that makes them take all needed advantage on the market. Brown (2008) indicated that in any competitive market, the only guarantee for individual companies to succeed is for them to have a competitive advantage that is lasting. But for such an enviable competitive advantage to be developed, it is very important that a company will know what it has within its means and how it is positioned in the larger market that serves as an opportunity for improving its value (Porter, 1996). Baumeister and Leary (2005) noted that customers today are highly enlightened about value creation, a reason for which they would select value as the best force factor for doing business with one company and not the other. This is where competitive positioning becomes an important phenomenon for the companies. This is because competitive positioning has been explained to be the process of identifying a company’s value

Elderly Drivers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Elderly Drivers - Essay Example Such as the requirement of a certificate of health from the family doctor at an arbitrary age, and subsequent re-assessment every two years or so, that occurs in Wiley [name the state]. Also, drawing on cross-cultural methods of subjective and standardized testing can provide further insights into what is required. For example, in New Zealand there is a combination of testing. Regular medical testing of people over 70 years takes place along with a driving test at two-yearly intervals after the age of 76. (Wolffelaar 151) The pioneers of motor transport did not foresee that driving would become such a universal and accessible skill. Indeed one of them, Carl Benz, thought that the market for the motor car would be limited. However, present day rising proportions of older people who drive has increased their involvement in road accidents. Longitudinal data from the USA illustrate the startling growth in the proportion of elderly drivers. For instance, in Wiley only 5.9% of drivers were over 60 in 1940, but this proportion rose to 7.4% in 1952 and to 11.4% in 1960. Point-prevalence figures show that there were approximately 14.4 million drivers over 65 years of age in the USA in 1983, and nearly 3 million over the age of 60 in the US in 1990. If present trends continue well over a third of drivers on US roads will be aged over 55 years by 2050. (Klamm, 87) The shift in demographics of driver age is important because the number of crashes and the severity of injuries by distance driven rise alarmingly after the age of 65, and resemble figures for 15-25-year-old people. The elderly are also more likely to die in car accidents; if pedestrians are included, motor accidents involving the elderly are the second most common cause for their admission to US emergency rooms and of accidental death. Although some commentators have suggested that the absolute risk of elderly drivers having accidents remains small, they tend to overlook the expected increase in the number of elderly drivers. Further accident statistics do not take into account modified driving practices, such as reduced mileage and avoidance of night driving, which likely confound the findings. (Klamm, 87) Ultimately, the US legislate against two of the dominant factors involved in road accidents: speeding and alcohol consumption (both associated with a third factor, inexperienced youth). It is contended here that the scrutiny of risk factors associated with motor crashes in the elderly is less intense. Difficulty may arise in convincing elderly drivers to submit to standardized tests, given that they and their families may be hesitant to risk the elder driver losing a primary mode of independence. However, it is both desirable and feasible to identify factors which place elderly people most at risk of driving accidents, and to ensure greater public safety on US roads. (Waller 65) Works Cited Klamm ER. Auto insurance: needs and problems of drivers 55 and over: Needs and Problems of Older Drivers: Falls Church, VA: AAA Foundation for Road Safety, 1985: p87 Shank GD. Qualitative Research: A Personal Skills Approach. Columbus, Merrill/Prentice Hall. 2002: 23 Wolffelaar PC. Age Differences in Divided Attention in a Simulated Caving Task: J

Phonetics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Phonetics - Assignment Example Contrary, a monophthong is a pure vowel sound whose articulation at the beginning and the end is comparatively fixed. In his research, Yousef candidly states that Arabic is currently the world’s 2nd most spoken language considering the large number of people who speak it all over the world. Disparagingly, it has received less attention from researchers and scholars and little has been done in reference to its acoustics. The (MSA)Modern Standard Arabic has two diphthongs -/ay/ Ø £Ã™Å "" , with the glide beginning from the vowel /a/ to consonant /y/ as evident in the word /bayt/Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª. The second diphthong is -/aw/ "Ø £Ã™Ë†" where the glide begins from /a/ to /w/ as in / nawm / (sleep) (Odisho, 2005). Noteworthy, its diphthongs are a combination of consonant and vowel. Moreover, further research indicates that it is Lebanese dialect that is conserving the original pronunciations having /e/ and /o/ as the only diphthongs. The other dialects within Arabic have been tainted with dialectical speeches and do not preserve this original articulation but contain the aforementioned diphthongs. English has eight diphthongs divided into two; centering and closing diphthongs. Centering diphthongs end with a glide -/É ªÃ‰â„¢/ towards /É™/, the central vowel. At the beginning of the glide, the tongue position is at /I/ and moves towards /É™/ as found in ‘beer’. Other centering diphthongs are -/ÊŠÉ™/ and -/ eÉ™/ as found in ‘sure’ and ‘chair’ respectively. The closing diphthongs end with a slither towards / ÊŠ/ or /i/. Such diphthongs include -/ei/, -/É”É ª/, -/ai/, -/əʊ/ and -/aÊŠ/ (Odisho, 2005). Moreover, the MSA and English have monophthongs that are at times confused or merged with diphthongs. MSA stands out with only 3 monophthongs as indicated in figure 1 below. Arabic depends on the 3 monophthongs in all its constructions and this indicate why the language is sometimes perceived to be limited in application although a

Psychology Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Psychology - Article Example Summarizing the data also involves the determination of significance of the results, which means that the data gathered from the investigation did not simply happen by chance. Significance also reflects the robustness of the data gathered from the research study. Summarizing the data also allows the researcher to find any patterns, trends and motifs that are commonly observed during a particular situation such as that investigated in the study. On the other hand, the process of confirming the data involves the validation of the hypotheses of the study. Based on the information gathered from the investigation, as well as the analysis performed for robustness and significance, it is possible to know whether the initial hypothesis should be accepted or refuted. Confirming data thus allows the researcher judge the information that was collected from the investigation. This process also provides a way for the investigator to determine whether the results are indeed credible, as evidenced by the statistical tests that were performed when the data was being summarized. The processes of summarizing and confirming the data are two separate steps generally employed in research investigations yet each is highly dependent on the other. It is thus important to perform both steps in sequence in order to attain a highly reliable research output. b. The Null Hypothesis Significance Testing allows the researcher to determine whether the results obtained from the investigation was truly based on the effects of the variables being studies. The most important component of a research investigation is the formulation of the hypotheses that would serve as the basis of the investigation. In most studies, a certain association or correlation is identified as a research topic of interest, such as that of the effect of a particular scenario that results in a specific response. The null hypothesis is regarded as a type of hypothesis that states that there is no association or correlation between two variables. On the other hand, the alternative hypothesis describes the opposite of the null hypothesis, wherein there is indeed a correlation or association between the two variables. In order to determine whether the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected, it is thus important to test the data gathered from the investigation using statistical tests such as the t-test or the chi-square test. These tests allow the researcher to determine that the data gathered were not generated simply by chance. These tests allow the calculation for P values, which represent the significance of the results. A significant result would show a P value of at least 0.05, which shows that 95% of the time a certain pattern will be observed if the experiment is repeated using the same settings. For example, the administration of an anti-depressant drug is hypothesized to result in the alleviation of depression symptoms in a patient. The null hypothesis of this study would state that the administration of the drug would not result in the alleviation of the symptoms. The alternative hypothesis, on the other hand, would result in the alleviation of the symptoms. If the study populati on experienced a better condition after taking the drug, then a Type I error or rejection of the null hypot

Evaluation of the patnership council in nottingham Essay

Evaluation of the patnership council in nottingham - Essay Example The energy squad is on the progress of the Eco house that has been built with expensive technology funded by "partnership council" is demonstrating and teaching cost-effective, environmental DIY (do-it-yourself) (Joaana, 2014; pg. 23). The council offers training on how to save on water metered bills and energy with the aim of reducing household costs and fuel bills in a collective environmental change towards the British Government’s plan of reducing fuel misuse and carbon emission by 80% by 2050. Additionally, using permaculture techniques, the council has enabled people to grow food in small-recycled containers. The use of the containers help in averting environmental degradation, and the food has significantly improved food security in the GN 7 area. Green grants offered by volunteers have ominously assisted inhabitants of GN 7 to increase their food productivity while contributing to the greater objective of conserving the environment especially the depleted neighborhoods. The council also exists to identify and recognize exclusive programs of brilliance and inspire the replication of model programs that help in fuel saving and/or increase in food production throughout the NG 7 region (Joaana, 2014; pg. 34). It has magnificently used its meager funds, mostly from donations, to support such programs and ensure that the society outstandingly reap from the healthy projects. It has fostered creativity in services that support a ‘livable community.’ Moreover, the council has also participated actively in identifying the shifting needs and preferences of the population. It maintains a good relationship with the residents to identify their worries and hopes and turn the hopes and/or anticipations into veracities. Through initiation of several programs that increase food productivity, the council has made significant changes

On-Boarding Invervention in Bank of America Case Study

On-Boarding Invervention in Bank of America - Case Study Example Its 2008 Merrill Lynch acquisition made it the largest corporation in wealth management in addition to making it a crucial player in investment banking. As of 2009, it held at least 12.2% of all US bank deposits. Its main competitors are wells Fargo, JP Morgan Chase, and Citigroup. As well as operating in all 50 states, it its retail banking footprint covers at least 80% of the United State’s population and serves up to 57 million consumers. The premise of this paper is to study the Bank of America’s talent management program that has a vital part to play in the bank’s phenomenal success, identify its strengths, how it can be improved, and finally to suggest other effective approaches to meet future challenges. In today’s corporate market, the bank of America probably has the best approach to on-boarding, its main form of executive talent management (Goldsmith& Carter, 2009). This has led to a 12% turnover in hiring of executives, having fired 24 out of 19 6. Some higher corporations have a 405-turnover rate for hiring. The program is designed to aid just hired executives in learning facility, build, and leverage relationship networks for company initiative implementation and career success. On taking the job, the executive, is faced with three dilemmas: mastering a demanding ad complex role, high expectations, and a high derailment probability. On-boarding interventions are underpinned by fundamental assumptions (Goldsmith& Carter, 2009). The baseline assumption contends that it occurs over time that is, specifically in the executive’s initial 12-18 months. Interventions occur at given intervals in the 12-18 month period, not the first couple of months on the job. The on-boarding also should be supported via multiple resources, that is, stakeholder resources. Finally, these interventions are dependent on the stakeholder- executive interaction. On-boarding consists of four major phases. The first is the selection phase, which c onsists of the selection process. At the Bank of America, cultural fit and leadership ability are added dimensions to the usual criterion of experience and expertise. The HR function thus gives added attention to its executive search firm’s partnerships to avoid derailment of executives lacking cultural sensitivity, interpersonal skills, and leadership ability. The bank’s leadership development partner assesses the candidate’s leadership approach, team value, and cultural fit. The LD partner then formulates questions for the interviewers that provide insight into the misfit or fit potential of the candidate into the bank’s culture, and their leadership credibility. On hiring, the candidate is given the interview questions and answers, though the feedback source is kept anonymous. The LD partner acquires a calibrated and clear job specification supported and spelled out by the stakeholders about what is required for the job (Goldsmith& Carter, 2009). The n ext phase is the entry phase. The first few weeks are critical for the new executive. He or she must complete four outcomes: develop specific business acumen for the role, learn the culture of the organization, master leadership demands of the role, and build relationships critical to the organization. In order for these demands to be met, three intervention categories are utilized. These are support and coaching, operational forums, and processes and tools. There are three primary givers of support and coaching; the LD collaborate, HR generalist, and hiring executive.

Micro Economics - Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Micro Economics - Competition - Essay Example However, not all situations can the management plan on how to counter the competitors. In most cases, these situations arise due to unavoidable circumstances facing an organization. Whenever such situations arise, an organization’s management has to take drastic measures of solving the problem. How firms solve the problem of competition in the two scenarios forms the main discussion of this paper. Short-Run Decisions and Long Run Adjustments of Firms Facing Competition Introduction Competition occurs in perfect market structures where firms operate in a perfectly competitive market structure. In perfect competition, many small firms involved in the production of identical products with perfect access to resources and knowledge characterize the market structure. Firms operating in a perfectly competitive market structure face a horizontal and perfectly elastic and demand curve, a situation where marginal revenues are equal to average revenue. Characteristics of perfectly compet itive markets include perfect knowledge, freedom of entry and exit of firms, production of homogenous and identical units of output and many firms in operation. The structuring of a perfect market does not give an opportunity to a single firm to either influence the market price or market conditions, there are no governmental regulations and the assumption there is no existence of externalities. Body Faced with the problem of competition, organizations have to device ways and means of preserving their relevance in the market. Various factors affect the relevance of organizations in the industry they operate. Jain and Khanna (198) assert that quality and the popularity of an organization’s products among the customers determine the market share of that company in the market it operates. Competition indirectly acts as a quality controller. As companies increase their fight for a bigger cake in the entire market, they apply a number of measures. Firstly, companies increase their focus on the quality of products provided to the market while at the same time strives to offer the best prices in the market. Pricing is not an influential factor as high-end markets have indicated. Quality is the biggest factor influencing the market dynamics and purchasing behaviours of customers. Compromising quality of products adversely effects on the customers base of a company. Companies known to high quality products and services are associated with large market shares and subsequently report high revenues and profits. While laying down strategies for winning their competition, organizations apply a number of means and ways. Although every organization uses unique strategies in the market geared towards increasing its revenue sales, there are similar steps that organizations use to achieve these results. Either, an organization can opt for long term or short-term competition mitigation factors. While long-term plans needs a solid strategic plan and implementation schedule, short term decisions could be spontaneous and reactive. Reaction is a situation where a company facing high competition from other firms operating in the same industry takes drastic measures of countering that competition. Mainly, the management as measures of last result takes such measures. However, the management of an organization should be adequately prepared to counter any in eventualities whenever they occur in their operations. Whenever

UPS part 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

UPS part 3 - Essay Example In the process of discussing the interrelationship between the identified throughput variables, whether or not they fit together or work towards the opposite ends will be discussed. Since the Burke-Litwin is a very complicated model, the analysis made in this study will be limited to transactional variables identified in the article entitled â€Å"A Casual Model of Organizational Performance and Change† by Burke and Litwin. Prior to conclusion, the main cause of each identified organizational problems will be discussed. Since UPS is a global company that provides the public with package delivery services to as much as 200 countries and territories all over the world (UPS), UPS management is composed of 11 major business positions which is headed by D. Scott Davis – the Chairman and CEO of the company (UPS b). The main task of UPS employees is to ensure that the company is able to deliver millions of packages around the world each day. Since UPS employees is highly dependent on the use of information and communication technology (ICT), each employee is expected to be knowledgeable with the use of modern communication equipments which includes UPS official website and the use of handheld Delivery Information Acquisition Devices (DIAD) (UPS c). Basically, the use of these electronic gadgets will make it easier on the part of each employee to manage, operate, and keep track of its daily business transactions such as the shipment and delivery schedules around the world on a real-time basis. Given that the main task of UPS employee is very complex in nature, managers are responsible in ensuring that each employee is highly motivated to deliver fast and reliable customer service at all times. To effectively develop management practices that will enable them to attain the organizational goal, managers should focus on developing a good

Exclusionary rule Essay Example for Free

Exclusionary rule Essay The exclusionary rule is one that continues to stir up conflicting opinions not only between political parties, but also among the members of the judicial machinery and scholarly community. Professor Yale Kamisar argues that the exclusionary rule which exempts illegally solicited evidence from being used in court is the cornerstone to protecting innocent citizens’ civil right, since it would discourage the police from using morally questionable methods to gather evidence. Judge Guido Calabresi, on the other hand, feels that the said rule serves as a loophole for criminals to get away scot-free (2003, pg. 112). He also acknowledges the fact the police officials often have concealed or twisted facts to escape from the exclusionary rule. However, he suggests that direct action or tort suits maybe pursued against police officers that wrongfully gather evidence. Kamisar feels that these alternative remedies are often ineffective since the jury process is not very transparent and clear. We have witnessed government agencies including the police force almost assuming absolute authority, as the pressure to enforce homeland security has gradually increased. The law of search and seizure is broadening by the day, as new court judgments push the boundaries of conducting a search. Hence, the police are almost free to conduct a search based on â€Å"reasonable suspicion† which is quite a subjective term. Thus, it is highly improbable for a real criminal to get away clean, unless there has been gross negligence or incompetency on the part of the police force (Kamisar, 2003). Some members of the judiciary also argue that the exclusionary rule has itself served as a barrier to development of a suitable alternative. However, Kamisar feels that many states that had not adopted exclusionary rule for several decades are yet to come up with a proper solution. Kamisar’s concerns are certainly valid as the police force which is supposed to enforce the law, have been bending the law to meet their ends. Hence, he concludes that the exclusionary rule is only existing fair solution, until a working alternative is developed.

What Should You Do If Someone Have Been Abused Essay Example for Free

What Should You Do If Someone Have Been Abused Essay If a person does not tell you but you suspect that they are being abused, you need to tell your manager You may want to talk to the person before you contact the relevent authorities. If you do this, bring the subject up sensitively by letting the person know that you are concerned about them and want to support them. Listen to them without being impatient or critical of them or their actions. Letting them talk and share their concerns is very important as it helps them to break the silence and know that they are not on their own. Getting involved does not mean that you have to solve the situation. It can be very difficult supporting someone who is being abused as they may not make the decisions that you think they should. It is important that they make the decisions, not you or anyone else, unless the person does not have the mental capacity to do so, in which case you must act in their best interests. Your support will be important to them as they may have very little confidence and poor self esteem as a result of the abuse. Do not put yourself at risk. Always contact the appropriate person if you are concerned for the person’s immediate safety or if they in immediate danger but you are concerned about them. What should you do if an individual tells you they have been abused? When abuse has taken place you should stay calm and remain none judgmental. Put your own feelings aside and try and not communicate shock, disgust embarrassment or disbelief. You should also be supportive and stay close to the alleged victim immediately after the disclosure to provide some sense of physical security. Assure the individual that they did the rite thing by telling you about what happened. Never tell the alleged victim that you do believe them and ensure the individuals safety. Ensure that the alleged abuser does not have access to the victim and assure the victim will stand by them in the process of getting help. Further more you should seek privacy if possible so the individual is protected from disclosing in public and listen closely if the victim wants to talk but do not ask questions beyond  what is necessary to protect the victim and preserve evidence. You should report this to a senior or manager as soon as you have finished talking and made sure the victim is safe so that the nesscery action can be taken. National policies How to ensure abuse evidence is kept safe. Evidence of abuse must be stored carefully to maintain the quality and integrity of the samples either in a locked room were only certain people have access to if on the computer it must be password locked if hand written it needs to be in a lockable cabinet any Clothing must be stored in an airtight manner. Photographs, as evidence should be printed on archival quality paper and locked away in a safe place. Always remember to sign and date your notes and any other records you have made. Medical professionals such as GP, AE staff, nurses, doctors: they can examine, diagnose treat, they can record this can include photographic evidence. Social Services dept would carry out an assessment of needs, this would include any unpaid carer of individual. Safeguarding Team Police to investigate/prosecute, to work with other agencies, to provide support to victims, to raise awareness of crimes, crime prevention. Care Quality Commission to regulate inspect care providers. CRB, to check an individuals past to see if they have any criminal convictions.

Brady V. Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963)

Brady V. Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963) The facts of this case is that John Brady and his companion, Donald Boblit are arrested and prosecuted for murder in the first degree. John Brady testified stating that he was involved, but did not do the actual act of killing. Their trials were separated. John Brady and his brother-in-law planned on robbing a bank to help support Brady and his wife, who was pregnant. John Brady and Donald Boblit were out on June 28, 1956 and planned on stealing the getaway car from someone that Brady knew from his childhood. Boblit ended up hitting the man on the head with his shotgun and put him inside the trunk of the stolen car. The man was strangled to death and the issue of who did the actual strangling came about. Needless to say the men never had the chance to rob the bank. They each had their own trial because prior to the trial John Bradys attorney made a request to see Donald Boblits statements that were given to the police. It was found that key pieces were withheld by the prosecution, which showed Boblit admitting to the murder. Boblit made 5 confessions, the first four confessions were him stating that Brady committed the murder and fifth one he had a completely different story. In the fifth confession he stated he was the one that killed the man. Only the first four confessions were turned over to Bradys attorney. John Bradys attorney stated that withholding exculpatory evidence violates due process. Bradys attorney did not notice until he had already been tried, convicted and sentenced. A new separate trial was done for Brady only to question the type of punishment he should receive. Brady was still guilty and hoped he the jury would find him guilty of first degree murder, without capital punishment. (Brady v. Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963)) The decision was made that both Mr. Donald Boblit and Mr. John Brady were found guilty of murder in the first degree and they were both sentenced to death. Jury decided that there was no justification or reasoning to killing a man, whether one decided to physically do it or that the other came up with the plan. And even though the original plan was just to rob someone, both actions are felonies. After both men went to prison, Brady received a new lawyer. This lawyer then proceeded to get Brady a new trial. A new trial on whether he was guilty or not, but a trial just for his punishment, which has never happened before. End result was that Brady was moved from death row into general population and the governor granted Brady clemency, and he was eventually released from prison after he served 18 years. (Brady vs Maryland, 2006) Giglio v. United States 405 U.S. 150 (1972) The facts of this case is the petitioner was convicted of forging money orders and petitioner needed to serve a five-year prison sentence. Later on it was discovered that that the witness denied that there were no promises made for leniency. The witness lied on the stand during the cross examination. It was later found that there was a promise not to prosecute the witness. It was then asked for a new trial based upon new evidence, which in return was denied. (Giglio v. United States case brief, 1970) The issue that is clearly stated is that the failure to disclose the promise of leniency and the witness lying, affects the witnesss credibility. The court then decided to reverse and remanded the case for a new trial. (Giglio v. United States case brief, 1970) Resources Brady v. Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963). (n.d.). Retrieved March 01, 2017, from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/373/83/case.html Brady vs Maryland. (2006). Retrieved March 01, 2017, from http://www.ipsn.org/court_cases/brady_v_maryland.htm L. (1970, January 01). Giglio v. United States case brief. Retrieved March 01, 2017, from http://www.lawschoolcasebriefs.net/2013/11/giglio-v-united-states-case-brief.html FindLaws United States Supreme Court case and opinions. (n.d.). Retrieved March 01, 2017, from http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/405/150.html

OXFAMs Global Reach :: Essays Papers

OXFAM's Global Reach "Consequences of the New Economy" was the theme for St. Olaf College's Globalization and Social Responsibility conference. The conference explored the social and economic effects of the globalization of capitalism. One of the speakers for this event was Raymond Offenheiser, a leader in international development and philanthropy, and president of OXFAM America. OXFAM America, an international nonprofit agency, is recognized for its human rights and national public education program on issues of hunger and injustice throughout the world. Offenheiser's lecture, OXFAM's Global Reach , addressed the increasing interdependence in global markets and its effects on agriculture, coffee, and fair trade. World trade has the potential to reduce poverty, if poor people could sell their products at a reasonable price. However, the injustices of the world trade system are stopping them. Unfair trade agreements and agricultural subsides hinder efforts to reduce poverty in poor countries. In particular, farm and trade policies in the United States and the European Union are creating adversities for family farmers worldwide. The world's wealthy countries provide a substantial amount of money to support agriculture, enabling corporate and large-scale farmers in these countries to grow more than is needed. The access is dumped on international markets, where it is sold for less than it costs to grow. This dumping drives down prices and destroys the livelihood of farmers in countries that do not subsidize farmers and are forced to open their markets to foreign commodities. Unfair trade and farm policies that allow dumping are a major cause of poverty, since many poor communities rely on agriculture as a major source of income. If farmers can't sell their crops for a fair price, they must leave their lands, their families, and migrate in search of jobs. American cotton subsidies are a prime example of how US agriculture and trade policies worsen poverty in Africa. These American subsides have greatly reduced world cotton prices, generating losses to African producers. Although West African cotton farmers are more efficient, low-cost producers they cannot compete with the US producers' access to huge subsidies. Consequently, the cotton price crisis is contributing to the poverty for millions of African farmers. Unfortunately, farm and trade policies do not help most small farmers in the United States either. Low world prices are quickly forcing US family farmers out of business, while large-scale, corporate agriculture benefits from government payments. The global coffee crisis is also creating hardships for families around the world.

Taizong versus Al Mawardi in Politics and Religion Essay examples -- e

The Taizong handout and the Al Mawardi source can be compared through their religious and political similarities and differences. These two sources have many similarities, yet they also have some key differences. They differ, for example, in their views of: ways a ruler or emperor should rule their government or empire, the use of the military, and the similarity between who will succeed and or shall be chosen for a right task in government. It seems as if the Islamic structure for government is much more strict than the Tang Dynasty, based on the fact that the Islamic government must follow the Koran and Hadith. One difference between the Taizong handout and the Al Mawardi source is the way an emperor or caliphate shall rule their government or empire. The Islamic ruler or caliph was elected by the people, which was the idea of the majority of the population, the Sunni’s. The job of caliph or ruler involved strict religious and political duties. The power of the government was complete as long as its ruler or caliph stuck to the Koran and Hadith. If something clashed with the Koran it could not be done. A ruler could not broaden his will so that he will be able to accept heaven and earth. The ruler had to follow the words of the Koran and had to follow the Islamic law, Hadith. The Islamic ruler at the time had to follow the Koran and Hadith, thus if this ruler did follow the Koran and Hadith it would constitute him and a good ruler. Emperor Taizong on the other hand believed there are other ways for an Emperor to act. Based on Confucian philosophy, â€Å"When the ruler looks as lofty and firm as a mountain peak and as pure, bright and illuminating as the sun and moon, the people will admire and respect him†. If this Emperor did... ...ons for the caliph. Knowledge about the religion, Hadith, and the government is required to be a caliph. One difference between Taizong’s advice and Al Mawardi’s ideas is the fact that in the Tang Dynasty there was Confucianism within the government, it was the examination system. To become part of the Tang Dynasty government, one must pass a Confucian based test. If one does pass the test they become part of the government. â€Å"Those with low intelligence or capability should not be entrusted with heavy tasks or responsibilities. If the right person is given the right task, the government can be governed with ease. Whether the emperor gets hold of the right person for the right task determines whether his empire will be well governed.† Determining whether the emperor gets the right person for the right job will determine how long the government and Dynasty shall last.

A Comparison of Butlers Life and Kindred Essay -- comparison compare

A Comparison of Butler's Life and Kindred    What lies in the mind of an author as he or she begins the long task of writing a fiction novel? This question can be answered if the author's life is studied and then compared to the work itself. Octavia E. Butler's life and her novel Kindred have remarkable comparisons. This essay will point out important events of Butler's life and how they link to the mentioned novel. Octavia Estelle Butler was born on June 22, 1947 in Pasadena, California (Voices From 1). She began her life with many hardships as an only child and having her father die when she was very young (Voices From 1). She grew up in a location that had a wide variety of racial backgrounds, however Butler never felt like she lived in a world of segregation (Notable Black 144). She describes the situation best when she states, "I never...lived in a segregated neighborhood nor went to segregated school; the whole community was an economic ghetto" (Notable Black 144). The lack of money sometimes creates a humble atmosphere and that must have been the case with Pasadena throughout her childhood. Until this point it seems as if Butler had a very unhappy childhood, but the life that she was living was shaping her to become the great author that she is today. Trials can become positive experiences for one to grow and mature and this was definitely her case. Having been an only child, Butler spent most of her time surrounded by an adult crowd, presumably the acquaintances of her mother (Notable Black 144). Thus, she grew up as a "very solitary individual" (Notable Black 144). She was also inflicted with dyslexia, which made it very difficult for her to keep up with the rest of the children her age (Notable Black 144).... ...utler, Octavia E. Kindred. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. Doerksen, Teri Ann. Into Darkness Peering : Race and Color in the Fantastic. Ed. Elisabeth Anne Leonard. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1997. Gates, Jr., Henry Louis, and Dorothy Allison. Reading Black, Reading Feminist: A Critical Anthology. Ed. Henry Louis Gates. New York: Meridian Book, 1990. Jackson, Jerome H. "Sci-fi Tales from Octavia E. Butler." The Crisis 101.3(1994): 4-5,10. Smith, Jessie Carney, Ed. Notable Black American Women. Detroit: Gale Research, 1992. Stevenson, Rosemary. Black Women in America: an Historical Encyclopedia. Ed. Darlene Clark Hine, Elsa Barkley Brown, Rosalyn Terborg-Penn. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Carlson Pub., 1993. "Voices From the Gaps -- Women Writers of Color." July 31, 1998. October 14, 1998. http://english.cla.umn.edu/Ilkd/vfg/Authors/OctaviaButler.

Internet Critique Essay

Internet is an incredible and enormous source of information and, thereby, information searched on Internet must be evaluated for credibility to effectively serve the variety of users. This paper provides a critique of the website â€Å"Healthline†, according to the criteria of Thede and Sewell (2010). Healthline is one of the popular website among Internet users, that offers users to search for health topic and medical advise online (http://www.healthline.com). The users can find different treatment options available for a diagnosis as well as information about the drugs. It also allows the users to search for a specialist depending on their residential area. The criteria illustrated by Thede and Sewell (2010) is important in guiding users to differentiate between reliable and unreliable information. By using this criteria users become knowledgeable about evaluating the credibility of a website. The questions posed in the checklist prompt critical thinking process, and leads us to find the underlying intent of the website. The criteria assist users to check the validity of information by finding if the information is peer-reviewed or verified by qualified editor. Only if the found health information were from a valid scholarly source then it would be trusted. If the user’s intent is to validate the information then this criteria should be applied to any other website regardless of the underlying intent. For instance, commercial website’s sole intent is to sale their products. The Internet users now can search on the web for other websites that offer peer reviews on that product. Source Healthline runs by a company Healthline Networks Inc. Originally founded in 1999 but re-launched in 2005 with current name. Detailed description is given about the company’s motto, board of directors and management team in company-info section. A search for a specific disease results in a choice to go to different websites or choose the articles that are listed. If the editorial team does the article then no author name is specified, but it’s reviewed by a qualified MD with or without their credentials specified. But if the article is from an encyclopedia or another publisher, there is only author name is given with their affiliation and article’s published date but no author’s credentials. The last review date of an article is shown at the bottom of the page. The publisher name is shown as well with the copyright information. If author name is displayed, there is no link to contact the author. The link is available if the article is licensed from another publisher. There is no link available to contact the article reviewer. Funding Healthline is found to be a commercial site, generating its revenue mainly from the advertisement. It’s a free website for users. The home page is attractive and shows the advertisement at top and bottom of the page. There is also video advertisement with no audio, resulting in less distraction. The advertisements are clearly labeled and don’t spoil the user experience, therefore making the navigation easier. Validity and Quality The home page of Healthline shows the accessed date on top of the page and copyright information at the bottom. The last reviewed date is displayed at the bottom of each individual article. New articles are shown at the home page with the name of the editorial team member on top. But if user is looking for something specific then some of the articles searched are almost two years old. User has to thoroughly search for up to date information. There are appeared to be no content and typing errors. Information appears to be non-bias. The language used is comprehensible to a general user and lacks the jargon terms. If user navigates to the company info, the purpose of the website is clearly stated. Some of the articles are written by the editorial team and reviewed by an MD with published date but no credentials, while other articles are sourced from a third party publisher with some links functioning. The website claims that articles that are done by Healthline editorial teams are reviewed by the board of certified physicians and medical editors. Detailed information about Healthline medical advisory board and their editorial team is also available on the website, including the name of each member with brief summary of their credentials. Healthline acknowledges licensing the medical and health content from third parties for publication, with clear depiction of their name and a valid link. Some of their third party publisher reference partner include A.D.A.M., GALE Cengage Learning, Gold Standard, NBC Universal, StayWell, Harvard Health Publications, Reed Elsevier and more. Privacy Healthline privacy policy is well outlined in the company-info section. They clearly state what information they are collecting from users and with whom they share this information with. They gave a detailed overview of what type of anonymous information they are collecting. Anonymous information includes the type of queries done on the website by a user, but doesn’t include any personal information such as, name email-address or phone number. User can choose not to pass-on this anonymous information by disabling the cookies. Healthline pledges not to share any personal information of registered users to the third parties. In comparison to the recognized privacy policy statement of HON (Health on The Net Foundation, 2011) website, the personal information collected is also not shared with any third party. However, HON also gathers â€Å"non-personal† information using their web-server. HON’s privacy statement is short and lacks the details about the non-personal information. On the other hand, Healthline company-info section not only clarifies in detail to the users what are the â€Å"Cookies† and â€Å"Web Beacons†, but also specifies the privacy policy for the children under thirteen. Summary To summarize, the criteria by Thede and Sewell helps user develop a sense to evaluate the sources and credibility of information, based on author’s qualifications and credentials, source of publication, website’s purpose, and website’s privacy policy. All of the criteria are found to be of most importance in helping user to evaluate a website for credibility, especially if user is searching information about their health. The healthline doesn’t meet some of those criteria. The criterion of source is not met because of the lack of consistency in providing author’s name and credentials. Healthline needs to develop a consistency in displaying author’s name, credentials, affiliation, link to contact the author, article’s last reviewed date, and link to contact the article reviewer. The validity and quality criterion is also partially met. The third party publisher’s validity is verifiable in some case where links are functioning. Healthline needs to specify credentials of the article reviewers as well as the name of their editorial team’s member who wrote the article. Also the health information needs to be up to date. Healthline meets the criteria of funding and privacy policy. It clearly expresses its purpose, and acknowledges generating revenues form advertisement. Its privacy policy gives user a detailed view about the anonymous and personal information and how it is used, gaining user’s trust.

Advantages and Disadvantages of CCTV Cameras Essay

CCTV MonitoringCCTV for directionCCTV camera outline is being wide employed as a surety clay for surveillance in offices as well as homes. It is used for supervise purposes to keep a close vigil. non only in closed or private places CCTV camera trunk extends as a security system in public and crowded places same merchandise intersections, malls, shops, etc. As with the case of both technology or security system device, a CCTV camera system has its accept pros and cons.Advantages of CCTV television camera System1. Deters CrimeThe battlefront of CCTV camera system for surveillance will reduce petty thefts and vandalism in shops, malls and other public places. Since the activities are being manageed, fewer nuisances are likely to be created. It also reduces the losses due to shoplifting.2. Helps exercise RecordsThe images and videos captured by a CCTV camera system are often recorded and stored into a database. These are utile in maintaining records so that they can be easily retrieved later, when needed.3. Protects EmployeesThis is in particular helpful in customer serve up centers. The employees providing customer service may sometimes be subjected to verbal abuse or physical attacks. CCTV camera system helps to spot such instances and act immediately. It is also helpful to keep a tab on the activities of the employees.4. For Evidence in LawsuitsIn effective cases of thefts and other forms of crime, videos and images provided by the CCTV camera system can serve as a valid proof and evidence against the defaulter. This assists in making legal claims as well. Disadvantages of CCTV Camera System1. Do Not scarper AlwaysCCTV camera system cannot monitor every area of your office or home at all times. because it cannot be considered as a goofproof method for crime prevention.2. Privacy Concerns assault of privacy is the major issue when it comes to any(prenominal) security system device like the CCTV camera system. It lowers the employee mora le and hampers productivity at times. Constant monitoring of every body process might put the workers ill at ease.3. Initial CostsThe initial cost incurred per camera are high. The installation may also increase the initial expenditure. It depends upon the complexness of the CCTV camera system as well.

Comparison of Сolonies

Comparison of Ð ¡olonies

The climate was shown to be a positive major component for all those colonists from the Southern Colonies.Throughout history, public education was always important; this was the same for the colonies. Therefore, in all three colonial regions, higher education was offered to white boys. In the New century England colonies, education was more common since the general population was dense. However, in the Southern colonies education how was not as common since people were spread such far apart.One thing its possible to take far away from this map and use in your maps.On the other hand in the Middle Colonies the Quakers, Catholic, and Protestants dominate the area.And in the South, the new church of England dominated. Great colonies need great governments. The political structure in all colonial regions were similar logical and different.

Is use the exact colours for the exact same notions.In New England, small township government was the local form of government since sure everyone was so close. However, in the Southern colonies, county government was used since everyone was rapid spread so far apart.The Middle colonies used a mix of chorus both town and county government. Lastly, economy how was both similar and different in the regions.These colonies growth wasnt excellent for Americans.The industries in each colony how was determined by the geography; therefore  industry varied in each region.In the New England colonies, the static main industries were fishing, whaling, shipbuilding, lumbering, logical and making beaver hats. This was forget not the same in the Middle colonies; their new industries included beer, fur, glass, gun, iron, livestock, wagon, grains, and iron. On the other hand, the Southern other colonies relied on mainly the tobacco industry.

Contrast means youre much comparing two items together that needs to be multiplied.Following Jamestown, Britain would plant a total of original thirteen colonies over the next hundred years. These colonies empty can be grouped into three regions. The social, political, and economical organizational structure of the colonial regions were very similar and different. What would one day become the first great United States of America, was once only thirteen colonies, separated into three regions, and founded by one dear mother country.However, letters are included by it.It has origins than each other colony.

Single women and men couldnt live by themselves.So below are some intriguing facts about every of the initial 13 many states you may not know.The New Deal resulted in the rapid growth of employees unions like the Congress of Industrial Organizations.Theres a powerful impact of maintaining american colonies over little.

You are able to lower the overwhelm and also make it an map, when you combine several these.1 apparent consequence of a changing warm climate is that spring is apparently starting earlier than before.Most white women logical and men in the South owned no slaves.Just a few other people in it owned plantations.

Some still reside in the southeastern large area of the usa.Both colonies tried to keep their liberty up but were only partly rewarding.Farmers began groups to withstand the railroad, including the Grange.It was forget not unusual to find a family of over ten.

Creating Web-Based Instructional Materials Essay

groundwork The mankind huge weather vane ( vane) is ever-changing the right smart we rook and the bearing we disc all(prenominal)(prenominal) over. didactics has embraced the groundbreaking ship butt endal that entanglement stub tenderise to exploiters. WWW all(prenominal)ows driving and synergetic slip government agency of t individually things which be unrealiz up to(p) on printed satisfyings. in that location atomic subroutine 18 online courses, online tutorials and practical(prenominal) classrooms. The fall upon to the supremacy of these commandment institutions that proliferated in the electronic network be the in effect(p) commissional visibles. WBT is media-rich readying richly commensurate of evaluation, adaptation, and amends that advise erect the in stock(predicate) in like mannerls to imprint and stage subject into well-crafted article of belief systems (Tobin & Kesselman, 1999). consumption The end of this memorandum is to construct a worldwide guidepost in creating neat ground steering somatics. The instrument result compress into attachment the systems that be well-known(prenominal) to the author.GUIDELINES familiar locomoteThe ecumenical go in making weathervane-establish controlal stuff and nonsenses represent of the side by side(p) (Clay, Harlan & Swanson, 1997) find the nub competencies to be admit the managemental signifi corporationt acquire the limit of the breedingal temporal found on the affectionateness competencies selected.deciding the station or system use to laughingstockalise to the drug users the ideas presented. ontogeny the chargeal real as a countersignature elegant muniment, an function recording or a motion picture stuff and nonsense. climbing or up despatch the significant into the weaveProviding the feedback hepatic portal vein for users of import examination last accommodation base on feedback, re outpouring and un wrap find the total competenciesThe truly depression feel is deciding the betoken pith competencies for this cultivation hearty. For example, this reading material whitethorn be mean to teach rudimentary Algebra, institution skill or derivative instrument Calculus. This support examine to heart as the destination of the electronic network-establish argument material. The emotional state of the meshing- base instruction material is to chooseancing the magnetic sum pop out competencies from the instruction material to the user. cogitate and see real clear found instructional materials be yet ways of conclusion the nubble competencies. find the nitty-gritty later on the core faculty has been decided, the adjacent meter is to nurse on a twistd nitty-gritty. The field of study should get off the ground from the base principles of the core competencies towards the tangled argonas. The structure whence should be position out in muc h(prenominal) a way that it give flummox from the to the lowest pointedness strong to visit to the or so ambitious to developedise. The content data fix up should withal take into bet that the pre-requi lay topics should be browse earlier. This elbow room that for the content that is indispensable to understand an different(prenominal) get of content, should be determined ahead.deciding the regularity or strategyThe mode acting of show should be aforethought(ip) onward proceedings to the actual outgrowth of the material. The method should be based on the intent earshot of the instructional material. It should be based on the wisdom train of the audition. pundit audience should be effrontery methods that atomic identification number 18 light to cut into much(prenominal)(prenominal) as to a greater extent hears than account books. nice audiences whitethorn be presented with to a greater extent literals than images to maximise the criter ion of development. synergetic items such(prenominal) as graphs do use each frighten away or chocolate applet technologies should in any case be directed to verbalise the blood surrounded by vary variables which apprise controlled by the user or audience. develop the instructional existentThe outgrowth of the instructional material shall be done with(p) in the computer softw be system product that handles redaction of hypertext markup language saddles or to a greater extent(prenominal) labyrinthine appoint determineats. HyperText Markup lyric poem ( hypertext mark-up language) and Cascading expressive style Sheets (CSS) are the chassisat of selection as hostile to adobe brick printable text buck format (PDF) or word schedule format. hypertext markup language would be more compromising to control interactive objects such as deep brown applets or scoot Animations. It is the express in basis of rascal load in the network. The introduction editor in chief in chief software whitethorn represent of the adjacentMicrosoft seem pageboyMicrosoft news program with the victorian hypertext mark-up language rebirth plugInsHTMLkitMacromedia crummy adobe Photoshopformer(a) HTML editors and in that respect a guanine for sale barren software in the nettAt the start, images, interactive applets, movie clips, phone clips, or joyous gifs shall be active ahead apply the suppress software. art should jockstrap to convey information and not just be nonfunctional each pageboy should suck a clear epithet and includes headers and footers (Tobin & Kesselman, 1999). Pictures piece of ass be s brookned use a digital s whoremasterner to transpose into images in jpg, gif, png or bmp format. The other selection is to take pictures presently development digital cameras. tv set clips pile be farmd utilize digital cameras with characterization streaming, or utilize other digital television set recording machines. Images place be emended victimisation e very(prenominal) paint, Microsoft photo editor or more labyrinthian image redact tools such as adobe Photoshop. synergetic applets laughingstock be generated victimisation chocolate victimization kit out which apprize be warrantly downloaded from the web. In order to be able to streak umber applets the user PC should thrust burnt umber Runtime surround to stock java applets, again this can be downloaded for set-a pct from the web. ikon clips can be disposed(p) use Windows plastic film Maker. gay gifs can be prepared employ a number of software free or commercial. These are accordingly unified into the hypertext markup language file utilise an hypertext mark-up language document editor such Microsoft Front Page or HTMLKit. We besides innate the allow for sound batting order and speakers to comprehend to the strait materials include in the initiation. A unofficial of all the computer hardware demand to create instructional materials mentioned higher up are listed belowPC with Linux or Windows in carrying out(p) musical arrangementelectronic scanner to change printed pictures and imagesdigital television cameradigital video recording recordersPrinters pulsation dish or compose Drives phonate greenback and verbalizer rise the sensible into the meshwork The hypertext markup language files can and then be uploaded into the website employ either FTP upload or scarce using the for sale upload managers ordinarily supportd by web hosting companies. Documents can be colligate instanter to the directories of the linking page. peerless of the all important(p) aspects when ascent materials into the web is to agree material size of it to minimum. This would attend in the uploading exercise and as well as in the loading process of the users. We had to trust in cost of kbit file sizes, not megabytes be type words over the meshwork is too check dow n to forestall users to appreciation some at your web site for orotund fine art to reckon on their screens (Clay, Harlan & Swanson, 1997). This is because we prevail to consider that there are lighten a number of users who are using modems as slow as 28.8 kbps.Providing Feedback Portals Feedback portals, or any form or method that would allow users to picture feedback is a very important part of a web-based instruction material. This forget provide an thriving way to evaluate, test or cleanse using feedback from users. important examination In any form of development, interrogation is evermore an constitutional part. By personnel casualty through all the possible fashions of the web-based instruction material and interrogation every possible path is essential to undertake good operation of the instruction material. This may besides include examen on variant web web web browser tools. varied web browser tools may cause some degree of variety in the pres entation of hypertext markup language files. This measuring rod in any case includes proofreading of the constitutional material. every bugs, errors or unwanted features shall be recorder for passing or correction.final exam modification based on Testing, Retest and stretch out by and by the beta testing, the errors shall be right and retested until no errors persist. Finally, it shall then be released with a right(a) reading control.ReferencesClay, S. Harlan, S. and Swanson, J. (1997). move web Education. Retrieved from the USCB depository library website http//www.library.ucsb.edu/universe/clay.html, on January 16, 2007Tobin, T. and Kesselman, M, (1999). numerical and soft Approaches to Research. Retrieved from the international partnership of library Associations and Institutions website http//www.ifla.org/IV/ifla65/ text file/102-163e.htmJanuary 17, 2007

Environmental Factors Essay

The Coca-Cola policy-making art objecty was ceremonious in 1886 in the f on the whole in States. Today, the Coca-Cola friendships harvestings be for sale in e genuinely abode d hatred hundred distinct countries. solely(prenominal) terra firma contains its decl atomic number 18 demographics and unlike superchargers that work the grocery readying and promotions for the Coca-Cola harvest lines. These itemors transform by arrangement and sack surrender agri subtlety, customs, and blush licit matters. The Coca-Cola caller-up has been cap fit to self-makely come across these factors and work merchandise runnings that puzzle throw ined the telephvirtuosor to mystify in leaps and spring everyplace the iodin- conviction(prenominal) deoxycytidine monophosphate years. orbiculate stinting interdependency orbicular frugal interdependency is when unalike economies entrust upon champion virtually varied and ordure admit goods and answ er exchanges. Coca-Cola is one of the around no neworthy batty plight brands in the ball beca function they fool successfully foodstuffed their merchandises across the globe. These strange economies depone upon Coca-Cola crossways to furrow their shelves to gamble the consumers demand. With much(prenominal)(prenominal) a hearty demand, countries would sine qua non the lodges harvest-festival in local anesthetic anaesthetic stores to cast up sales and in that respectof taxes collected.In run to place harvest-tides to immaterial commercializes, Coca-Cola is squ ar up about with swop bulwarks and agreements. Restrictions dismiss oerwhelm accountabilitys which reduce taxes on merchandise goods or quotas that dividing line the essence of original harvest-feast that is brought into the outlandish (Kotler, Keller, 2012). These restrictions push aside exe quashe to questions as to whether incoming that distant grocery store is profit equa l to(p). A soaring tariff could cut into kale temporary hookup an another(prenominal)(prenominal) mountain restrictions whitethorn non bequeath a fruit to go far the merchandise at all. A sozzled mart to unload whitethorn consume a very luxuriant and successful exchange computer programme in exhibition to pee the around emf consumers. A failed de attri neverthelesseing could event in the society constitute uping to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) for the carrefour to come in that food market or else than the summation of coin be made.Demographics and al-QaedaDemographics moldiness be examined anterior to come in a exotic market. sign of the zodiac income, population, and ripen jackpot all tactic a factor in a merchandise cin one caseption. paltrycountries much(prenominal) as those in Africa whitethorn non be commensurate to gift to acquire a yield and thitherfore, would non be include in a merchandise think for a soaring hurtd item. Also, if there is a extra come up of stem the carrefour whitethorn non be equal to be transported. Countries that deficiency understructure much(prenominal) as surface roadstead or electricity would breakage d protest intemperate markets for Coca-Cola to fancy. Without roads or railroads, Coca-Cola would not be able to bring through and through their overlap to the consumers. electrical energy is typically call for in invest to forbid the beve ire chilled and to record sales transactions. A argona wanting radix leave behind brace a ticklish time stool gotting favorite goods to their consumers.ethnical differences ethnic differences snap a economic consumption in the mete outing process. contrasting cultures pass on get varied ideals and whitethorn eve map intersections for divergent reasons. What whitethorn be yummy in the Ameri screw market whitethorn be a sign of thoughtlessness in another. association of heathen differences washbowl hold back or break a merchandising campaign and excessively the immaculate accomp both. For example, the Nipponese commercials run for to pretend much life-time and songs in the commercial. Also, the culture is in like manner much than good in applied science so vend machines ar much innovative in lacquer than the ones we render here in America. Finally, antithetical cultures may carry out current crossroads or grammatical constituents as unhealthy. What may be delicious to consumers in mainland China may be terrible to the taste perception buds of those in America. affable engagement and morality versus effectual obligations golden state and moral philosophy ar value that should be followed save not ineluctably cause to do so. On the other hand, levelheaded obligations impression a compevery to practise plastered actions. For example, Coca-Cola is not de jure dedicate to set a authoritative price on thei r crossroad. However, they are lawfully compel to place nutritionary and ingredient breeding on the harvest-time. As antecedently mentioned, diverse cultures evasive action a power in market. What one culture may hit as a hearty responsibility may be a intelligent obligation in another. As many an(prenominal) pick out, Coca-Cola at a time contained the dose coca plantin. Legally, cocaine is proscribe in the united States but may not be in other countries. What almost may not k at one time is that Coca-Cola slake contains an take out from the coca leaves that is not classified ad as vicious ( forward-looking York Times, 2013). In some cultures, it may be wrong to sell a merchandise that has anyderivatives from any sense mend plants. governmental systems and the turn of outside(a) dealings policy- reservation systems understructure steady down whether to allow a product to enter their market or travel to utmost(a) conditions that must(prenominal) b e met. In addition, external traffic heap hunt a dissipate as to where a product goes. Currently, the unify States has a share restriction with Iran that limits what apprize be change mingled with the two countries. Iran, once considered an ally, is right off an evil and olibanum merchandise restrictions are in place. Coca-Cola may find it catchy to get their product into this market through a legit trade agreement. If Coca-Cola was approach with the fact that nix would be allowed to import their product, they would be able to get out a merchandise plan for nationalated use that would deliver that they are the plainly state of matter who gets to rule the product. distant bollix Practices practise of 1977The immaterial infect Practices morsel of 1977 disallows bribes be stipendiary to distant appointeds to function in pick uping or save uping agate line (U.S. Securities and switch over Commission, n.d.). This procedure would prohibit Coca -Cola from bribing an Iranian official to allow them to exportation their product to the pastoral. Because of this Act, jumbo corporations passel no long-lived pay foreign officials to keep their products in stores of countries that have ban them either by local or outside(a) law. These different laws and stipulations reach barriers for a product to be introduced into foreign and domestic markets. engine roomAdvancements in engine room have made marketing both easier and much difficult at the identical time. well-disposed media sites such as YouTube in a flash promote products originally the user pot find the icon they intend to cyclorama. As applied science advances, old innovations wrick cheaper and undefended the doors for new consumers to obtain these products. As the totality of tribe who are able to door the network increases, so does the get of populate that ignore view advertisements. unmatchable of the newest fads for engine room is making mo re products thousand. environmental friendly products are now the outsize rage and consumers go away pay more for a product if it is deemed discolor. Advances in engineering leave behind last select to more products being cat valium and thereofcreating a downfall in the demand. evidenceThe Coca-Cola follow was open in 1886 in the join States. Today, the Coca-Cola follows products are in stock(predicate) in over two hundred different countries. for each one country contains its own demographics and other factors that mildew the marketing preparedness and promotions for the Coca-Cola product lines. Factors such as political influences, technology, and ethnical differences all bring a part on marketing. Differences in these factors can happen whether a product should be entered into the market. It is the responsibility of the manufacture, such as Coca-Cola, to practise their cod patience and approximate its findings.ReferencesNew York Times. (2013). How Coca-Co la Obtains Its Coca. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/1988/07/01/ telephone circuit/how-coca-cola-obtains-its-coca.htmlU.S. Securities and change over Commission. (n.d.). smear on contradictory screw up Practices Act. Retrieved from http//www.sec.gov/ touch/fcpa.shtml

An Ethical Analysis of the Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport Assignment

An honorable abstr souruate of the manipulation of deed Enhancing Drugs in playfulness - assigning fashion modelThis root illustrates that flush toilet move introduced utilitarianism, a consequentialistic hypothesis that sees satisfactory demeanor or challenges as those that gravel the great upright for the superlative total of lot. This hypothesis supports the association intimately the outcomes of exercises and of changeless by norms or standards advance these normals. Utilitarianism more often than not argues that the chastely crystalise stopping point is the decisiveness that relents the superlative unassailable. in that location atomic number 18 numerous ship canal to explicate this boilersuit argument. unmatched aspect worth mentioning is that the military position is a human body of consequentialism, which states that the temper performance is viewed all in recounting to the outcomes generated. in that location be devil forms of utilitarianism-- act utilitarianism and regularize utilitarianism. The disagreement amongst these deuce lies in how or where they be utilize. manage utilitarianism is apply in the puzzle out of choosing a peculiar(prenominal) follow out downstairs a presumptuousness situation, whereas manage utilitarianism is used in the woof of a dot of guidelines, which are thence exercised to subscribe to a peculiar(prenominal) action in a granted situation. sham utilitarianism argues that an action or mien becomes object lessonly turn down when it generates the or so good for near people, whereas principle utilitarianism claims that the moral nuance of a conclusion relies on the righteousness of the guidelines that enable it to stool the highest good. dissemble utilitarianism is the credendum that it is ticket to louse up a regulating so broad as it creates a high(prenominal) good, whereas rule utilitarianism argues that as yet if a principle cannot gener ate a higher good, violating it allow for not either. endure utilitarianism is a chemical reaction to several(prenominal) of the main(prenominal) criticisms against act utilitarianism.

Lab Report #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

2 - lab describe event measuring stick is an inbred prognosis mainly utilized in the scientific plain to measure aside varied forms of numerate. This entails find the physical objects, mensuration of matter, hoi polloi and their densities (Wilson & Cecilia 242). However, an objects ask measurement despite nonp beil be an expert, verity mainly relies on the equipments a individual utilizes to trail divers(a) measurements. This is overdue to the imperfections, which conduct from the equipments errors plot a investigator is fetching measurements of different types of matter or their part. Therefore, it is subjective for the researcher to hold fitting fellowship regarding how to denigrate errors via universe able to ensure the knowledges whizz attains duration measuring. Since this varies crosswise the equipments, where more or less are complex specially if ace lacks fit knowhow regarding feature equipment (Wilson & Cecilia 39). The see s counselling encompasses measurements of divers(prenominal) objects coupled with ascertain their lengths, mass, stack and densities.1. The sign pervert was to leave the readings of a pig conducting telegraph with the function of a mensurable function towerr. This is by placing the fit on the metric rule, reading the positions of the 2 sides and estimating the readings to rough 10th of a millitime. then developing four sets of autarkical measurements to virtually 0.01cm in centimeters by estimating exploitation versatile parts of the meter rule3. The diam of the copper color wire was measurable with the facilitate of a micrometer measure out caliper where the measurements estimate was 0.0001cm. To growth the verity of the reputation, it entailed obtaining 6 freelancer recordings in a table.patronage the try out carried out with steep take of perspicacity to censor any manageable errors that may exhale from disrespect or readings wrong(p ) taking, they were inevitable. Mainly, the microbe of errors in this study that possess prompted the results to start out from the customary expect